<< England
Pipes : Rich Old Clays: 1, 1689, 2, 1575. 3, 1600.
Notes: The clay pipes you see here are typical of the period, these three look as though they have been well and truly smoked.
Most clay pipes that you may find buried will be broken off at the stem, this may be due to a few factors. Firstly the clay pipe is a fragile material and secondly most clay pipes that where used as "ale house clays" around the 17th century had the tip broken off to separate the previous smoker from the current smoker.
This meant that the "ale house clay" became smaller the more it was smoked.

Britain >>
Pipes: 1, Churchwarden (Broseley Salop), 2, Scotch Cutty.
Notes: Broseley Salop Clays (1 & 2) . With the introduction of pipes to London which had a pipe makers company in 1619 in the establishment of "The Old Cock Tavern" came not only the pipes but also the use of their own tokens for the purchase of pipes.
The Churchwarden pipe was used in the early part of the century and is still used today. It was considered right to always have a clean pipe hence they where stacked together (see middle picture left) and sent to the "Bake house" for purification.
The Irish Dundee originated through the "Old clay" most probably and the Scotch followed with (2) "Cutties".

Italy >>
Pipes: 3, 1669
Notes: "Milo" in the straw was the man for colouring clays and he made it his speciality (3)

<< Holland
Notes: The Dutch have always been great smokers. The typical pipe of Holland in 1689 was that of the "Gouda" make. The pipe enters largely into wedding ceremonies, thus for the Copper wedding, the long clay pipe of some 36inches decorated with copper leaves, the Silver wedding, silver leaves and the Golden wedding, golden leaves, finally the Diamond wedding for the 75th.
Cigars were smoked by everyone, even little Hollanders going to school.